<script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"SiteNavigationElement","@id":"#table-of-contents","name":"\u041b\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f 6.&nbsp;\u041b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438","url":"https:\/\/studies.in.ua\/ru\/algebra-i-geometriya-lekcii\/4522-lineynye-operatory-i-deystviya-nad-nimi.htmlhttps:\/\/studies.in.ua\/ru\/algebra-i-geometriya-lekcii\/4522-lineynye-operatory-i-deystviya-nad-nimi.html\/#%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_6_%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8"},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"SiteNavigationElement","@id":"#table-of-contents","name":"\u041c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430","url":"https:\/\/studies.in.ua\/ru\/algebra-i-geometriya-lekcii\/4522-lineynye-operatory-i-deystviya-nad-nimi.htmlhttps:\/\/studies.in.ua\/ru\/algebra-i-geometriya-lekcii\/4522-lineynye-operatory-i-deystviya-nad-nimi.html\/#%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0"},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"SiteNavigationElement","@id":"#table-of-contents","name":"\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432","url":"https:\/\/studies.in.ua\/ru\/algebra-i-geometriya-lekcii\/4522-lineynye-operatory-i-deystviya-nad-nimi.htmlhttps:\/\/studies.in.ua\/ru\/algebra-i-geometriya-lekcii\/4522-lineynye-operatory-i-deystviya-nad-nimi.html\/#%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2"},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"SiteNavigationElement","@id":"#table-of-contents","name":"\u0414\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438","url":"https:\/\/studies.in.ua\/ru\/algebra-i-geometriya-lekcii\/4522-lineynye-operatory-i-deystviya-nad-nimi.htmlhttps:\/\/studies.in.ua\/ru\/algebra-i-geometriya-lekcii\/4522-lineynye-operatory-i-deystviya-nad-nimi.html\/#%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8"}]}</script>{"id":10028,"date":"2017-03-01T22:46:26","date_gmt":"2017-03-01T22:46:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/studies\/bez-kategorii\/10028-4522-lineynye-operatory-i-deystviya-nad-nimi.html"},"modified":"2017-03-01T22:46:26","modified_gmt":"2017-03-01T22:46:26","slug":"4522-lineynye-operatory-i-deystviya-nad-nimi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/studies.in.ua\/ru\/algebra-i-geometriya-lekcii\/4522-lineynye-operatory-i-deystviya-nad-nimi.html","title":{"rendered":"\u041b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_44_2 ez-toc-wrap-left counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">\u0421\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b:<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/studies.in.ua\/ru\/algebra-i-geometriya-lekcii\/4522-lineynye-operatory-i-deystviya-nad-nimi.html\/#%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_6_%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8\" title=\"\u041b\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f 6.&nbsp;\u041b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438\">\u041b\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f 6.&nbsp;\u041b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/studies.in.ua\/ru\/algebra-i-geometriya-lekcii\/4522-lineynye-operatory-i-deystviya-nad-nimi.html\/#%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0\" title=\"\u041c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\">\u041c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/studies.in.ua\/ru\/algebra-i-geometriya-lekcii\/4522-lineynye-operatory-i-deystviya-nad-nimi.html\/#%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2\" title=\"\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\">\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/studies.in.ua\/ru\/algebra-i-geometriya-lekcii\/4522-lineynye-operatory-i-deystviya-nad-nimi.html\/#%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8\" title=\"\u0414\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438\">\u0414\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_6_%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8\"><\/span>\u041b\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f 6.&nbsp;<span>\u041b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0\"><\/span>\u041c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><i><b>\u041e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 1.<\/b><\/i> <i>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443 x  \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442<span>\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 y  , \u0442\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435  \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 A , \u043f\u0440\u0438&nbsp;<\/span><\/i><span><i>\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0438\u0448\u0443\u0442<\/i>:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">y = A x<\/span><span> . (*)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><i><b>\u041e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 2<\/b><\/i>. <i>\u041e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 <b>A<\/b> \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f <b>\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u043c<\/b>, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043b\u044e\u0431\u044b\u0445 x<span style=\"vertical-align: sub;\">1<\/span><\/i>  \u0438 x<span style=\"vertical-align: sub;\">2<\/span>  \u0438&nbsp;<span>\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430  \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f:<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/uploads\/posts\/2017-03\/1488395659_01-03-2017-21-13-19.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u0420\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c \u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0432 \u0435\u0432\u043a\u043b\u0438\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 E<span style=\"vertical-align: super;\">n<\/span> \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0441 e<span style=\"vertical-align: sub;\">1<\/span>,e<span style=\"vertical-align: sub;\">2<\/span>,&#8230;,e<span style=\"vertical-align: sub;\">n<\/span> \u0438 \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c&nbsp;<span>\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 <b>A : y = A x<\/b> .<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0420\u0430\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043c \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b <b>x<\/b> \u0438 <b>y<\/b> \u043f\u043e \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0441\u0443 <span>e<\/span><span style=\" vertical-align: sub;\">1<\/span><span>,e<\/span><span style=\" vertical-align: sub;\">2<\/span><span>,&#8230;,e<\/span><span style=\" vertical-align: sub;\">n<\/span>&nbsp;:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/uploads\/posts\/2017-03\/1488395814_01-03-2017-21-15-42.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u0412 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0443 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 <b>A<\/b> \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/p>\n<p>\u0417\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/uploads\/posts\/2017-03\/1488395884_01-03-2017-21-16-29.png\" \/>, \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e, \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e&nbsp;<span>\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0441\u0443 <span>e<\/span><span style=\" vertical-align: sub;\">1<\/span><span>,e<\/span><span style=\" vertical-align: sub;\">2<\/span><span>,&#8230;,e<\/span><span style=\" vertical-align: sub;\">n<\/span>, \u0442.\u0435.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/uploads\/posts\/2017-03\/1488395931_01-03-2017-21-17-09.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u0410 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430<\/p>\n<p><!--TBegin:\/uploads\/posts\/2017-03\/1488397788_01-03-2017-21-17-37.png|--><a itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" href=\"\/uploads\/posts\/2017-03\/1488397788_01-03-2017-21-17-37.png\" onclick=\"return hs.expand(this)\" ><img decoding=\"async\" itemprop=\"contentUrl\" src=\"\/uploads\/posts\/2017-03\/thumbs\/1488397788_01-03-2017-21-17-37.png\" alt='\u041b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438' title='\u041b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438' \/><\/a><!--TEnd-->\n\t<\/p>\n<p>\u0412 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0443 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0441\u0443 \u043c\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c&nbsp;<span>\u043a\u043e\u044d\u0444\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0445 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b (1) \u0438 (2); \u0442\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043c:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/uploads\/posts\/2017-03\/1488395903_01-03-2017-21-18-05.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443 <b>A<\/b> \u0432 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0441\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f&nbsp;<span>\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/uploads\/posts\/2017-03\/1488395951_01-03-2017-21-18-33.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 <b>A<\/b> , <i><b>i<\/b><\/i> -\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0435\u0446 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u0437&nbsp;<span>\u043a\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 Ae<span style=\"vertical-align: sub;\">i<\/span> (i = 1,2,&#8230;,n ) \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0441\u0430. \u041e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 <b>A<\/b>&nbsp;<\/span><span>\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 <b>A<\/b> \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0441\u0430 <span>e<\/span><span style=\" vertical-align: sub;\">1<\/span><span>,e<\/span><span style=\" vertical-align: sub;\">2<\/span><span>,&#8230;,e<\/span><span style=\" vertical-align: sub;\">n<\/span>&nbsp;.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0418\u0442\u0430\u043a, \u043c\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0441\u044f\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 <i>\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443 <b>A<\/b> \u0432 \u0435\u0432\u043a\u043b\u0438\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435&nbsp;<\/i><span><i>E<span style=\"vertical-align: super;\">n<\/span><\/i> \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 <b>A<\/b><\/span>; \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435: <i>\u0432\u0441\u044f\u043a\u0443\u044e&nbsp;<\/i><i><span>\u043a\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443 <b>A<\/b> \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e&nbsp;<\/span><\/i><span>\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 <b>A<\/b> \u0432 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0441\u0435 <span>e<\/span><span style=\" vertical-align: sub;\">1<\/span><span>,e<\/span><span style=\" vertical-align: sub;\">2<\/span><span>,&#8230;,e<\/span><span style=\" vertical-align: sub;\">n<\/span>&nbsp;.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441 \u043d\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b, \u0442.\u0435. \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b,&nbsp;<span>\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0443\u044e <b>A<span style=\"vertical-align: super;\">-1<\/b><\/span><\/span> , \u0442.\u0435. \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438. \u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435&nbsp;<span>\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443 y (\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443), \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c, \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 <b>x<\/b>&nbsp;<\/span><span>(\u043f\u0440\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437) \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e: <b>X = A<span style=\"vertical-align: super;\">-1<\/b><\/span><\/span>  Y .<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2\"><\/span>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>1. \u0412 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 2-\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/uploads\/posts\/2017-03\/1488396354_01-03-2017-21-24-39.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437 <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/uploads\/posts\/2017-03\/1488396463_01-03-2017-21-25-14.png\" \/>&nbsp;<span>\u0441 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c-\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c&nbsp;<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/uploads\/posts\/2017-03\/1488396481_01-03-2017-21-26-26.png\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p>2. \u0412 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0444\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f&nbsp;<span>\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0444\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d<\/span><span>\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044e.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>3. \u0412 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432 <i>P<span style=\"vertical-align: sub;\">n<\/span><\/i> (t) \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0443\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f&nbsp;<span>\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0443\u044e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e t .<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: \u0418\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u044b \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 <i>E<span style=\"vertical-align: super;\">3<\/span><\/i> \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 <i>A<\/i> :<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/uploads\/posts\/2017-03\/1488396634_01-03-2017-21-29-38.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u041d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0432 \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0441\u0435.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0420\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435: \u041f\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e <b>y = A x<\/b>, \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c,&nbsp;<span>\u0447\u0442\u043e <i>A = X<span style=\"vertical-align: super;\">-1<\/span><\/i>Y<\/span> . \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u043c<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\">\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><!--TBegin:\/uploads\/posts\/2017-03\/1488397719_01-03-2017-21-30-32.png|--><a itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" href=\"\/uploads\/posts\/2017-03\/1488397719_01-03-2017-21-30-32.png\" onclick=\"return hs.expand(this)\" ><img decoding=\"async\" itemprop=\"contentUrl\" src=\"\/uploads\/posts\/2017-03\/thumbs\/1488397719_01-03-2017-21-30-32.png\" alt='\u041b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438' title='\u041b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438' \/><\/a><!--TEnd--><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8\"><\/span>\u0414\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0421\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432. \u041f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044c x E<span style=\"vertical-align: super;\">n<\/span>, <b>A<\/b> \u0438 <b>B<\/b> &#8212; \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0432&nbsp;<span>\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><i><b>\u041e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 1<\/b><\/i>. <i><b>\u0421\u0443\u043c\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432<\/b> <b>A<\/b> \u0438 <b>B<\/b> \u0432 <b>E<span style=\"vertical-align: super;\">n<\/b><\/span><\/i> \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 <b>C<\/b>,&nbsp;<span>\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c <b>Cx = A x + Bx<\/b> , \u0433\u0434\u0435 <b>x<\/b> \u2013 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0438\u0437 E<span style=\"vertical-align: super;\">n<\/span> .<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0421\u0443\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0451\u043c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430&nbsp;<span><b>C = A + B<\/b>, \u0433\u0434\u0435 <b>A<\/b> \u0438 <b>B<\/b> &#8212; \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 <b>A<\/b> \u0438 <b>B<\/b> .<\/span><\/p>\n<p><i><b>\u0423\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e<\/b><\/i>. \u041f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044c x E<span style=\"vertical-align: super;\">n<\/span> , \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 <b>A<\/b>&nbsp;<span>\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d \u0432 E<span style=\"vertical-align: super;\">n<\/span> ,  &#8212; \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><i><b>\u041e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 2<\/b><\/i>. <i><b>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430<\/b> <b>A \u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e <\/b> \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f&nbsp;<span>\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 <b>A<\/b> , \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/uploads\/posts\/2017-03\/1488396863_01-03-2017-21-34-05.png\" \/>&nbsp;.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p> A \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c, \u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f&nbsp;<span>\u0438\u0437 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b A \u0443\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0435\u0451 \u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e  , \u0442.\u0435. \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430   A.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><i><b>\u0423\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432<\/b><\/i>. \u041f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044c x E<span style=\"vertical-align: super;\">n<\/span> , y  E<span style=\"vertical-align: super;\">n<\/span> , z  E<span style=\"vertical-align: super;\">n<\/span> \u0438 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432 E<span style=\"vertical-align: super;\">n<\/span>&nbsp;<span>\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b <b>A<\/b> \u0438 <b>B<\/b> \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e <b>y = Bx<\/b>, <b>z = A y<\/b> .<\/span><\/p>\n<p><i><b>\u041e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 3<\/b><\/i>. <b><i>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c <\/i><\/b><i>A  B<i> \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432<\/i><\/i> A \u0438 B<i> \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f&nbsp;<\/i><span style=\"font-style: italic; \">\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 C, \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c <b>Cx = A (Bx)<\/b> .<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0438\u0445&nbsp;<span>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043a \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443 <b>x<\/b> .<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0420\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u2013 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u044b:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/uploads\/posts\/2017-03\/1488397040_01-03-2017-21-36-19.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043c \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <b>A<\/b>, <b>B<\/b> \u0438 <b>C<\/b> &#8212; \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 <b>A<\/b>, <b>B<\/b> \u0438 <b>C<\/b>. \u0422\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430&nbsp;<span><i><b>Z = A  (B  X) = (A  B)  X = C  X<\/b><\/i> , \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, <b>C = A  B<\/b>, \u0442.\u0435. \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439<\/span><span>\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>a) (A  B)(x + y) = A (B(x + y)) = A (Bx + By) = A (Bx) + A (By) = = (A  B)  x + (A  B)  y<\/p>\n<p>\u0431) (A  B)( x) = A (B( x)) = A ( Bx) = A (Bx) = (A  B)x<\/p>\n<p>\u0421\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0443\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u044b\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u0443\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446.<\/p>\n<p><i><b>\u041e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 4<\/b><\/i>. <i>\u041b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b <b>A<\/b> \u0438 <b>\u0412<\/b> \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/uploads\/posts\/2017-03\/1488397131_01-03-2017-21-38-32.png\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/uploads\/posts\/2017-03\/1488397239_01-03-2017-21-40-08.png\" \/><span>&nbsp;. \u0420\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a A = B .<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><b><i>\u041e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 5<\/i><\/b>. <i>\u041e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 E \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c (\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c)&nbsp;<span>\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 x \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/uploads\/posts\/2017-03\/1488397331_01-03-2017-21-41-05.png\" \/>&nbsp;\u043e\u043d \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442 \u0432&nbsp;<\/span><\/i><span>\u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442, \u0442\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c&nbsp;<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/uploads\/posts\/2017-03\/1488397268_01-03-2017-21-40-45.png\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041b\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f 6.&nbsp;\u041b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u041c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u041e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 1. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443 x \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 y , \u0442\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 A , \u043f\u0440\u0438&nbsp;\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0438\u0448\u0443\u0442: y = A x . (*) &nbsp; \u041e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 2. \u041e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 A \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u043c, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043b\u044e\u0431\u044b\u0445 x1 \u0438&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[323],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10028","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-algebra-i-geometriya-lekcii"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/studies.in.ua\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10028","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/studies.in.ua\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/studies.in.ua\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/studies.in.ua\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/studies.in.ua\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10028"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/studies.in.ua\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10028\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/studies.in.ua\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10028"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/studies.in.ua\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10028"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/studies.in.ua\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10028"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}